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发表于 2023-1-7 13:46:25
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(附自己整理的写作高分材料,文末领)
全篇干货长文警告⚠
写作不易,先左下角点个附和马一下!
GRE考试中,中国门生最有上风的,固然是quantitative, 真的是在全天下都著名的“东亚数学天赋”,均匀分164.8, percentile全球前12%。Verbal 语文,中国门生作为非英语母语国家考生,虽说还差一点才能到达全球均匀水平,可是148.6的成就,也是全球42%的percentile了。
但对于国内考GRE的童鞋来说,GRE写作是一切科目里表示最差的。
GRE会碰到两道写作题,Argument+Issue,要求考生在30分钟之内各自完成一篇。
GRE 作文分数有多难拿?
据ETS官方公布的最新GRE年度报告显现,我们国内考生GRE写作的均匀分是3.1, 全球倒数17%的percentile啊!作文拿满分的几率很是低(固然作文拿6分的大神确切有,可是对于普通考生来说真的是难于上彼苍)。
全球倒数17%的写作成就,真的是要想上理科类美国名校,是完全没有任何希望的。宾大教育学就有一个不成文的规定,写作最最低要求是3.5分。这让很多3分的门生,不能不被拒之名校之外。
有的同学这时辰能够会想,英语国家的均匀分不也就只要4分嘛。3分到4分,也就一分之差,有很大的关系么?这个关系可就大了。
直观的来说吧,什么叫全球17%的percentile呢?
就相当于quantitative 只考了142分,是17%的percentile,相当于Verbal考了141分, 也是17%的percentile。这么低的成就,真的用来申请是很是难的。而写作4分,全球59%的percentile,相当于Verbal 153, 数学152的成就,也就是说,这写作从3-4,别看差异至于哦一分,相当于Verbal后者Quantitative差异10分之多。
那末,一篇好的GRE作文应当是什么样的呢?
下面我会从ETS官方给出的评分细则和范文中为大师分析应当若何写好一篇作文。
01 GRE作文该怎样写?
首先,我们要斟酌的题目是,我们想写一篇怎样的GRE作文?是一篇说话优美如散文一般的文章,还是一篇在grader眼中可以得高分的文章?
很多同学,在考试之前,都毛病的用“自己以为的一篇好文章的标准”去指导自己的写作,而从未斟酌过,grader阅卷人,究竟以怎样的标准在给一篇文章打分。
那末这时辰,假如你还不晓得grader的打分标准,请一定翻开官网,阅读这一段话。(GRE国内众多写作材料鱼龙混杂,请一定以官网为主,不要轻易相信一些机构给出的写作倡议,一定认真阅读官网所展现的打分标准)
以下是GRE argument 与issue的打分标准:
官网给出的Scoring Guide for the Argument Task
官网给出的Scoring Guide for the Issue Task
总结起来,大如果一下几点:
有些题目常常很类似,可是instruction纷歧样,那末就是两篇完全分歧的题目。假如instruction没有扣住,想要拿到高分就很难了。
对于argument来说,一定要找到条件到结论非要不成的桥梁。不成以质疑条件,大概从结论动身。这个桥梁是什么意义呢,就是要找条件到结论非要不成的一个条件,假如这个条件不建立,条件对结论就没有支持力度。
而对于issue来说,就是要找到一个表现深入思考,而且逻辑周密的来由,作为段落的topic sentence. 假如来由自己没有压服力,就算前面尽力给出很多论证,也照旧很难压服他人。对于issue来说,最重要的,永久是压服力。
这是一个很是重要的得分点。
对于argument来说,就是你的举反例部分,能否可以充足有压服力,让他人感觉你就找的这个逻辑缝隙真的很对,文章中的条件确切能够推不出结论。
比如说,条件是我上个月我发胖了,上个月我分手了,结论是我要想挽回我男朋友,就得减肥。
这里,找一条条件到结论非要不成的条件,就是作者assume了发胖是分手,的缘由。然后尽力的举有压服力的反例:而究竟上,很有能够的情况是,男朋友劈腿才是分手的缘由,大概性情分歧打骂才是分手缘由。假如情况是这样的,那末条件,对于支持结论“要想挽回男朋友就要减肥”,就完全没有任何支持力度了。
那末,对于issue来说,给出强有力的支持,就是要给出充足有支持力,有细节,逻辑周密的论证。这里可所以说理论证,举例论证,数据统计等,原则就是,要对段落主题有充足的支持,让人佩服。
很多同学不晓得,GRE 打分标准中,跟尾是很重要的一个得分点。
文章的逻辑联贯,很是需要起承转合等表达逻辑链条关系的辞汇。文章的结构,经过这些linking words,应当是让人感遭到了如指掌的。句与句之间,段落与段落之间的关系,要交接的很清楚。官网4分的文章中,有一句话,与高低文没有跟尾,就被grader零丁拎了出来,叫做腾跃句,对逻辑链条关系交接的不够清楚。
说话重要末?只能说,对于GRE考试来说,说话不是最重要的。
就相当于问一你个题目:博士论文,说话重要末?好的一篇博士论文,一定是没有语法毛病,说话精练,清楚,用词正确的。可是,我们不能由于一篇论文说话很是优美,就说这是一篇好的论文。博士论文,最重要的,一定还是其中的内容。
GRE 作为一个英语为载体的考试,首先,说话必须清楚,就算有小毛病,不成以影响到阅读。在不影响阅读的情况下,最重要的,就是文章的逻辑与压服力。可是,倘使文章语法毛病百出,grader底子就很难读懂你的内容,那末,就算再好的内容,他人看不懂,看是没用的。
02 GRE满分范文树模
以下,给大师呈上一篇GRE 官网6分issue范文及grader点评,以及响应的3分文章及点评,让大师看到grader眼中,究竟垂青什么,怎样才能获得高分。
题目以下:
As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
Essay Response — Score 6
The statement linking technology negatively with free thinking plays on recent human experience over the past century. Surely there has been no time in history where the lived lives of people have changed more dramatically. A quick reflection on a typical day reveals how technology has revolutionized the world. Most people commute to work in an automobile that runs on an internal combustion engine. During the workday, chances are high that the employee will interact with a computer that processes information on silicon bridges that are .09 microns wide. Upon leaving home, family members will be reached through wireless networks that utilize satellites orbiting the earth. Each of these common occurrences could have been inconceivable at the turn of the 19th century.
The statement attempts to bridge these dramatic changes to a reduction in the ability for humans to think for themselves. The assumption is that an increased reliance on technology negates the need for people to think creatively to solve previous quandaries. Looking back at the introduction, one could argue that without a car, computer, or mobile phone, the hypothetical worker would need to find alternate methods of transport, information processing and communication. Technology short circuits this thinking by making the problems obsolete.
However, this reliance on technology does not necessarily preclude the creativity that marks the human species. The prior examples reveal that technology allows for convenience. The car, computer and phone all release additional time for people to live more efficiently. This efficiency does not preclude the need for humans to think for themselves. In fact, technology frees humanity to not only tackle new problems, but may itself create new issues that did not exist without technology. For example, the proliferation of automobiles has introduced a need for fuel conservation on a global scale. With increasing energy demands from emerging markets, global warming becomes a concern inconceivable to the horse-and-buggy generation. Likewise dependence on oil has created nation-states that are not dependent on taxation, allowing ruling parties to oppress minority groups such as women. Solutions to these complex problems require the unfettered imaginations of maverick scientists and politicians.
In contrast to the statement, we can even see how technology frees the human imagination. Consider how the digital revolution and the advent of the internet has allowed for an unprecedented exchange of ideas. WebMD, a popular internet portal for medical information, permits patients to self research symptoms for a more informed doctor visit. This exercise opens pathways of thinking that were previously closed off to the medical layman. With increased interdisciplinary interactions, inspiration can arrive from the most surprising corners. Jeffrey Sachs, one of the architects of the UN Millenium Development Goals, based his ideas on emergency care triage techniques. The unlikely marriage of economics and medicine has healed tense, hyperinflation environments from South America to Eastern Europe.
This last example provides the most hope in how technology actually provides hope to the future of humanity. By increasing our reliance on technology, impossible goals can now be achieved. Consider how the late 20th century witnessed the complete elimination of smallpox. This disease had ravaged the human race since prehistorical days, and yet with the technology of vaccines, free thinking humans dared to imagine a world free of smallpox. Using technology, battle plans were drawn out, and smallpox was systematically targeted and eradicated.
Technology will always mark the human experience, from the discovery of fire to the implementation of nanotechnology. Given the history of the human race, there will be no limit to the number of problems, both new and old, for us to tackle. There is no need to retreat to a Luddite attitude to new things, but rather embrace a hopeful posture to the possibilities that technology provides for new avenues of human imagination.
Rater Commentary for Essay Response — Score 6
The author of this essay stakes out a clear and insightful position on the issue and follows the specific instructions(一定要合适instruction)by presenting reasons to support that position. (清楚且富有洞察力的概念。这边假如过于肤浅的会商,也是很难上4分的)The essay cogently(cogent, 有压服力)argues that technology does not decrease our ability to think for ourselves, but merely provides "additional time for people to live more efficiently." In fact, the problems that have developed alongside the growth of technology (pollution, political unrest in oil-producing nations) actually call for more creative thinking, not less.
In further examples, the essay shows how technology allows for the linking of ideas that may never have been connected in the past (like medicine and economic models), pushing people to think in new ways. Examples are persuasive and fully developed;(例子很是的有压服力,而且展开充实)reasoning is logically sound and well supported(逻辑推理周密,有压服力).
Ideas in the essay are connected logically, with effective transitions used both between paragraphs("However" or "In contrast to the statement")and within paragraphs(概念跟尾真的是grader很是垂青的). Sentence structure is varied and complex and the essay clearly demonstrates facility with the "conventions of standard written English (i.e., grammar, usage and mechanics)," with only minor errors appearing(句式多样性表现说话才能). Thus, this essay meets all the requirements for receiving a top score, a 6.
Essay Response — Score 3
There is no current proof that advancing technology will deteriorate the ability of humans to think. On the contrary, advancements in technology had advanced our vast knowledge in many fields, opening opportunities for further understanding and achievement. For example, the problem of dibilitating illnesses and diseases such as alzheimer's disease is slowing being solved by the technological advancements in stem cell research. The future ability of growing new brain cells and the possibility to reverse the onset of alzheimer's is now becoming a reality. This shows our initiative as humans to better our health demonstrates greater ability of humans to think.
One aspect where the ability of humans may initially be seen as an example of deteriorating minds is the use of internet and cell phones. In the past humans had to seek out information in many different enviroments and aspects of life. Now humans can sit in a chair and type anything into a computer and get an answer. Our reliance on this type of technology can be detrimental if not regulated and regularily substituted for other information sources such as human interactions and hands on learning. I think if humans understand that we should not have such a reliance on computer technology, that we as a species will advance further by utilizing the opportunity of computer technology as well as the other sources of information outside of a computer. Supplementing our knowledge with internet access is surely a way for technology to solve problems while continually advancing the human race.
Rater Commentary for Essay Response — Score 3
This essay never moves beyond a superficial discussion of the issue. (肤浅的会商,真的只能是3分)The writer attempts to develop two points: that advancements in technology have progressed our knowledge in many fields and that supplementing rather than relying on technology is "surely a way for technology to solve problems while continually advancing the human race." Each point, then, is developed with relevant but insufficient evidence(虽然relevant,也就是不跑题,可是证据却很是不充实,没有压服力). In discussing the potential of technology to advance knowledge in many fields (a broad subject, rife with possible examples), the writer uses only one limited and very brief example from a specific field (medicine and stem-cell research)(论据不充实致使分数低。压服力真的是Issue高分相当重要的).
Development of the second point is hindered by a lack of specificity and organization(不够具体,不够深入). The writer creates what might be best described as an outline. The writer cites a need for regulation/supplementation and warns of the detriment of over-reliance upon technology. However, the explanation of both the problem and solution is vague and limited("Our reliance ... can be detrimental. If humans understand that we should not have such a reliance ... we will advance further")(诠释部分模糊且有限,不够清楚). There is neither explanation of consequences nor clarification of what is meant by "supplementing." This second paragraph is a series of generalizations that are loosely connected(逻辑跟尾不够慎密)and lack a much-needed grounding.
In the essay, there are some minor language errors and a few more serious flaws (e.g., "The future ability of growing new brain cells" or "One aspect where the ability of humans may initially be seen as an example of deteriorating minds")(有一些严重的语法大概用词题目,致使了解困难,也是让分数低的重要缘由). Despite the accumulation of such flaws, the writer's meaning is generally clear. Thus, this essay earns a score of 3.
GRE写作,作为中国考试GRE 最弱的一项,真的是很是需要引发每个考生的留意。一定不能仅仅把GRE写作当做一次“考英语“的考试,感觉说话优美,用词高端便可以得高分,而要真正去关注阅卷人的打分标准,了解ETS真正想要的一篇文章是怎样的。
网上材料鱼龙混杂,大师最好一定要以GRE官网信息为准,认真研读官网打分标准与写作要求,找到专业的教导。
最初,附上之前核桃分享过无数遍的【GRE写优良材料包】⬇戳领⬇
https://xg.zhihu.com/plugin/e1ac56fa2dd36e1875f55d7f7e68411b?BIZ=ECOMMERCE- 材料list:
- 1.常见逻辑缝隙及常用句式
- 2.GRE作文-最全替换辞汇
- 3.GRE写作替换词常用词
- 4.GRE-issue写作之自己总结的万能例子
- 5.GRE argument大纲
- 6.argument pool+issue pool
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