怎样写作SCI大概EI论文？

若宸2017

来历：知乎
已经兼职过量个焦点期刊编辑，被宣传为“一流的教授及硕博团队”。
后因不胜压榨、机构无底线，此处省略……甩手不干。虽然比不上大神，但对写作技能略故意得。
现将我的写作心得总结以下，希望对你有所帮助，前期延续更新。
俗语说，万事开首难。SCI写作实在并不难，难的只是没有把握写作技能。进步论文的档次不但要看干货，还要看整体档次。在这里首要跟大师分享一下我在SCI中的写作经历。
1. SCI 写作Introduction部分五要素




SCI写作中Introduction五要素

1.1 论述布景、意义

以“A利用于B的结果研讨”为例，用简洁精炼的说话对A停止说明，陈说其利用于B的布景，及研讨意义。

1.2 指出研讨范畴存在的争议题目

简单描写该范畴存在的题目地点及其影响。这里需要引入先辈的研讨静态，需要援用大量文献。可是并非复制粘贴，而是要停止总结，再用自己的说话输出。总结要与自己的研讨相关，为前面的研讨做铺垫。

1.3 聚焦论文关键词或主题

经过陈说第二步，引入论文研讨的关键词或主题。

1.4 回首和概览前人对范畴的研讨

经过阅读大量文献，对前人在这一范畴的研讨停止总结，找出其中的配合点，发现其中的缺点。

1.5 提出本论文的工作及创新点

可所以新事物、新装备、新方式、新理论、新利用、新功用等。比如，新利用，把A范畴的功用利用到B范畴，观察并检验A在B范畴的利用结果。比如，新事物，发现原有事物的瑕疵，及瑕疵给功用带来的影响，并提出改良定见。这一部分目标在于论述自己的论文对该范畴的进献。

2. 论文中的句子“质量”

有人通篇用中式英语表达，如：Many scholars have proposed that....;we can use A to handle b; A is important to B；等等。这些句子虽然能表达作者的意义，可是说话不精炼。无妨替换为It is proposed by many scholars that...；A is suggested to be used to handle B; The importance of A to B is beyond doubt.
[1]下面常用的句式能够对你的写作有所帮助：

2.1 缘由诠释常用句式

This inconsistency may be due to …
This discrepancy could be attributed to …
A possible explanation for this might be that …
This rather contradictory result may be due to …
It seems possible that these results are due to …
The observed increase in X could be attributed to …
The possible interference of X cannot be ruled out …
There are several possible explanations for this result.
There are two likely causes for the differences between …
A possible explanation for these results may be the lack of adequate …
Since this difference has not been found elsewhere it is probably not due to …

2.2 成果会商常用句式

These findings cannot be extrapolated to all patients.
These data must be interpreted with caution because …
These results therefore need to be interpreted with caution.
These results do not rule out the influence of other factors in …
This account must be approached with some caution because …
It is important to bear in mind the possible bias in these responses.
Although exclusion of X did not …, these results should be interpreted with caution.
However, with a small sample size, caution must be applied, as the findings might not be …

2.3 提出倡议常用句式

Strategies to enhance X might involve …
Other types of response could include: a), b). …
These results would seem to suggest that the …
There would therefore seem to be a definite need for …
A reasonable approach to tackle this issue could be to …
Another possible area of future research would be to investigate why …

2.4 描写数据常用句式

Over half of those surveyed indicated that …
Nearly half of the respondents (48%) agreed that …
Approximately half of those surveyed did not comment on …
Less than a third of those who responded (32%) indicated that …
The number of first marriages in the United Kingdom fell by nearly two-fifths.
Of the 148 patients who completed the questionnaire, just over half indicated that …

2.5 陈说界说常用句式

The term ‘X’ was first used by …
The term ‘X’ can be traced back to …
Previous studies mostly defined X as …
The term ‘X’ was introduced by Smith in her …
Historically, the term ‘X’ has been used to describe …
It is necessary here to clarify exactly what is meant by …
This shows a need to be explicit about exactly what is meant by the word ‘X’.

2.6 描写该范畴研讨常用句式

To date, little evidence has been found associating X with Y.
Up to now, the research has tended to focus on X rather than on Y.
So far, three factors have been identified as being potentially important: X, Y, and Z.
Since 1965, these four economies have doubled their share of world production and trade.
Until recently, there has been little interest in X.
Recently, these questions have been addressed by researchers in many fields.
In recent years, researchers have investigated a variety of approaches to X but …
More recently, literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings about …
The past decade has seen the rapid development of X in many …
Over the past 30 years there has been a significant increase in …
Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in …
Over the past few decades, the world has seen the stunning transformation of X, Y and Z.

2.7 总结论文常用句式

Thus far, the thesis has argued that …
The previous section has shown that …
To conclude this section, the literature identifies …
This section has reviewed the three key aspects of …
In summary, it has been shown from this review that …
This chapter has described the methods used in this investigation and it has …
This section has attempted to provide a brief summary of the literature relating to …
This chapter began by describing X and arguing that … It went on to suggest that the …
In this section, it has been explained that … The chapter that follows moves on to consider the…

3. SCI论文撰写进程6大法例

3.1 焦点概念

文章的焦点概念不成过于广泛，一定要细致，具体而言，就是使读者能经过摘要顿时大白你要研讨的内容。

例如：A：野生智能在电力变压器状态检验中的利用综述（研讨广泛，但可用于早期研讨）
          B:野生智能驱动的数据分析技术在电力变压器状态检验中的利用综述（研讨切确，前期研讨切确到：数据分析技术）

我们可以将A作为一个研讨课题，但这个主题比力广泛，经过这个主题可以提炼更多的焦点概念，由此组成论文的焦点概念。

焦点概念可所以新事物、新装备、新方式、新理论、新利用、新功用等。
新利用，把A范畴的功用利用到B范畴，观察并检验A在B范畴的利用结果。
新事物，发现原有事物的瑕疵，及瑕疵给功用带来的影响，并提出改良定见。这一部分目标在于论述自己的论文对该范畴的进献。
新方式，该方式比原本的方式更廉价、效力更高、操纵起来更简单。凡是情况下，鉴戒跨范畴的方式，利用到自己的研讨中，这类是最多见的创新方式。
新装备，把A范畴的装备利用到B范畴，观察并检验A在B范畴的利用结果。
新理论，一般很难创新，条件是逻辑要周密，SCI论文少有偏理论的，但自己可以提出假定并考证。
新发现，这类比力难，不深耕该范畴很难有新发现。通常为一个很新的研讨范畴。

3.2 好的想法

好的想法凡是在引言部分可以表现，经过先容先辈的研讨，引出自己的新想法，突出自己的分歧点。

对于SCI小白而言，可经过鉴戒模仿来完成引言部分。具体的是，下载10篇该范畴的SCI论文，研讨其成文思绪，将其每部分停止拆分，对每部分套写模仿。SCI小白无妨依照这个框架来构想Introduction。

3.3 论文框架




论文框架构想技能

在论文的整体框架中，尝试设想非常重要，包括根基材料、设想目标、材料、参数、变量、对照、操纵步调等。虽然重要，但这一部分应当是论文中最轻易写的一部分，只需对每一部分停止常规描写即可。可参考其他文献模仿。
尝试设想以后就是成果会商，先描写数据分析进程，在描写数据成果，该部分必须松散，不成随意给出成果。以后对数据成果停止会商，包括数据的结果、发生该结果的缘由、适用性等。

4 材料整理

我曾见过有门生将资文献分红个很多文件夹，比如文献综述的理论装一个文件夹，关于某看法装一个文件夹，文件夹里还有文件夹。

这类做法，就像俄罗斯套娃一样，一环套一环，很是分离，看不到全局，看不得主题，现实上对写作很是晦气。

我平常看论文喜好把文献放在一个文件夹，这样就有一个总揽全局的视野。比力重要的就在前面标“A”，这样便于我轻松找到。

固然，有的人会说，文献太多了，不分类不晓得文章内容的重点。

实在，这是由于你的阅读才能和吸收才能不外关。假如你经常看文献，就会发现有的文献看一眼题目就晓得它的内容。即使是扎堆的一两百篇文献，也可以很轻松的从里面找到你想要的。
5 写作和点窜

还是那句话，写作之前先构想框架，构想框架先要构想主体部分，文献综述可放前面写。
为什么呢？
由于主体部分，也就是三、四、五章才是最首要的，那才是一篇论文的焦点内容。
6 投稿

7返修

命运好的时辰，随意小修；命运欠好的话，大修。不外，这都是你可以预见的哈！
大修不是题目，只要认真处置了，被拒的几率很小。
有的reviewer能够对你这个研讨内容不太领会，是以提出一些希奇的题目，质疑你的数据或创新，似乎是在“在理取闹。
但这并不代表主编会认同reviewer的概念。
你需要做的是：拟一封cover letter，对你的数据来历、你的创新点做进一步的诠释，并供给相关的参考文献，倘使有能够，例举出你的原数据。
相当于，此时的你跟那位harsh reviewer站在一个同等的学术交换平台。你需要平心气和的、不急不慢的、不骄不躁的显现你的论据和概念。
你一定要对这位reviewer的质疑提出感激，并暗示在论文中会进一步完善。
固然，有的审稿人仍然不死心，在你点窜并附上十几页的cover letter后，仍然拒绝赞成接收，而且给出的来由很牵强，比如“still to be improved”。
像这类定见，在改了几次以后仍然提出，且不给出明白的偏向，可以停止驳倒大概要求“more direction for the improvement”。
大概也可以给编辑的复书中提出这是在在理取闹，没有参考代价，并指出你为什么这样以为。

假如这几步你做到了，根基上不会被拒。
参考

• ^2.1-2.5来历于该链接 https://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/
  

原文地址：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/435391351
免责声明：本帖内容由机械人自动收集于互联网，如加害了您的权益，请联系我们【E-Mail:cb@yoyodoc.com】 我们会实时删除侵权内容，给您带来未便，深感歉意！