【雅思图表写作】若何用花里胡哨的方式暗示“下降” 【收藏贴 ...

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来历：知乎
在这个系列中，给大师供给托福雅思群情文写作场景中常见表达的主题整理，希望大师不是被动地做资本收藏，而是按照提醒自动造句，翻译，体验当下这个词的意义，用法，熟练利用，脱口而出，真正让这些搭配灵活地、活泼地、丰富地出现在你的口语表达中，你的作文里。
在雅思小作文中，大师需要频仍地表达“上升”“下降”等数字变化的趋向，用什么样的词来替换比力合适？

【1】描写生齿下降，效力下降，雨水量下降，可以用decrease，比如：




在看到英文之前，大师先尝试自己翻译成英文，再对照原文，比力，思考不同在那里，为什么，这样一个流程下来，你就不但是明智上懂，而是理论操纵层面上会用，脱口而出，这固然很重要。
【用decrease 造句】

• 均匀降雨量削减了约 30%。
  

2. 失业总人数略有下降。
3. 放疗后，肿瘤数目明显削减。
4.  药物的有用性逐步下降。

【答案句】

• The average rainfall has decreased by around 30 percent.
  
• The total number of people who are unemployed has decreased slightly.
  
• After radiotherapy, the number of tumours decreased significantly.
  
• The effectiveness of the drug gradually decreases.
  

固然也可以用go down 来替换，就没那末正式了：

【造句】

• 我们饮食中脂肪的百分比已经下降。
  

2. 由于这些改良，客户赞扬削减了 70% 以上。

【答案句】

• The percentage of fat in our diets has gone down.
  
• As a result of the improvements, complaints from customers went down by more than 70%.
  

也可以间接用down 暗示

比如 Inflation is down to 4%. 换个花样，可以用decline, 搭配生死水平下降啦，人为下降了之类的
【翻译】

• 在农村地域，生死水平继续下降。
  

2. 人为现实高低降了 4.5% 左右。   
3. 通货收缩率在曩昔一年急剧下降。 （=快速且大量）
4.  这座城市的重要性已经下降。
【答案句】

• In rural areas, the standard of living continued to decline.
  
• Salaries have effectively declined by around 4.5%.
  
• The rate of inflation has declined sharply in the past year. (=quickly and by a large amount)
  
• The city has declined in importance.
  

<hr/>再换个词，fall / drop 暗示下降的水平比力大，间接了解为跌落

【翻译】

• 野生山君的数目已经下降到 10,000 多只。
  
• 早晨，温度降至零下 20 度。
  
• 利润从 9850 万英镑下降到 7600 万英镑。
  
• 5月，咖啡价格下跌跨越20%
  

【答案句】

• The number of tigers in the wild has fallen to just over 10,000.
  
• At night, the temperature drops to minus 20 degrees.
  
• Profits fell from £98.5 million to £76 million.
  
• In May, the price of coffee dropped by over 20%.
  

假如你想说急剧下降，剧烈下滑，就用 plunge / plummet

to suddenly decrease very quickly and by a very large amount

• Gas prices have plunged 31 percent in less than a week.
  
• Sales of red meat are plummeting.
  
• Climate change could cause global temperatures to plummet.
  

假如想说你的人为被拦腰砍了一半，用 halve

• He expects the number of farms to halve by 2020.
  
• In 1965, 49% of Canadians smoked. This figure has more than halved.
  

还可以用diminish暗示下降到比力低的水平，经常会带具体数字，假如你想说某件事变得没那末重要了，影响力削弱了，可以用它。

• The numbers of fish have diminished over the years.
  
• The population of the town diminished from 32,000 to 9,000 between 1871 and 1913.
  
• The pain gradually diminished.
  
• Although Campbell's influence had diminished, he continued to speak out against the war.
  

dwindle

假如你想暗示的纤细一点，说渐渐地下滑，那便可以请dwindle 进场，暗示渐渐下降晓得没啥剩下的了，它经常搭配数字， 经常用来暗示影响力衰微，受接待水平下降。
【举例】
鸟类的数目逐步削减，直到现在天下上只剩下大约 600 只。
运河沿线的交通在 20 世纪削减了。
对该理论的支持正在削减。
【翻译】

• The birds' numbers have slowly dwindled, until there are now only about 600 left in the world.
  
• Traffic along the canals dwindled during the 20th century.
  
• Support for the theory is dwindling.
  

reduce

比力常用的还有reduce, 暗示 to make something smaller in size, number or amount:
【举例】
军队的范围大大缩减。
严重变乱的数目削减了四分之一。
医生们敦促人们削减饮食中的盐含量。
利用新技术将有助于下降本钱。
洗手有助于下降传染风险。
远间隔廉价通讯的才能削减了员工上放工的需要。
【答案句】

• The army was greatly reduced in size.
  
• The number of serious accidents has been reduced by a quarter.
  
• Doctors are urging people to reduce the amount of salt in their diet.
  
• Using new technology will help to reduce costs.
  
• Washing your hands helps to reduce the risk of infection.
  
• The ability to communicate cheaply over long distances has reduced the need for workers to commute to offices.
  

大概lower

【练习自己翻译】
经济学的一个根基法则是，假如你想让人们采办更多你的产物，你会下降价格。
投票年龄降至18岁。
他们决议将利率下降四分之一。
该药物用于下降血压。
一些大学不能不下降他们的标准。
为了冷却，机电将空气从盒子中排挤，从而下降温度。
【答案句】

• It is a basic rule in economics that if you want people to buy more of your products, you lower the price.
  
• The voting age was lowered to 18.
  
• They decided to lower interest rates by a quarter of a percent.
  
• The drug is used to lower blood pressure.
  
• Some colleges have had to lower their standards.
  
• To cool, the motor forces air out of the box, so lowering the temperature.
  

Lower比力书面语，假如写贸易文书，大概科技报告会比力贴合，但假如你用bring down，就没那末正式了。

• They used cheaper materials in an effort to bring down costs.
  
• The wage freeze was part of a campaign to bring down inflation.
  

cut 暗示削减，一般会接 prices, costs, time, or money 一般暗示比力大量的情况

• Companies are constantly looking for ways to cut their costs.
  
• Shell is to cut the price of petrol by 18p a gallon from midnight tomorrow.
  
• The new service will cut the journey time from London to Manchester to just over 2 hours.
  
• The working week has been cut from 39 hours to 35.
  

减缓，减轻疼痛可以用 relieve / ease

• Doctors are allowed to give drugs to relieve pain, even if they shorten life.
  
• Accordingly, they hired more telephone representatives to relieve the pressure on
  

employees who handle customer complaints and inquiries.

• Making a joke can help to relieve the tension.
  

假如想用地更正式一些，可以把relieve 换成 alleviate，也暗示减缓

• Gentle regular exercise helps to alleviate the problem.
  
• Changes in diet can help to alleviate the symptoms of the disease.
  

<hr/>假如动词用烦了，可以换名词，换换句式，换换花样

【1】a decrease

【翻译】

• 肺癌灭亡人数显着削减。
  
• 8 月份失业率略有下降。
  
• 最新数据显现，自该项目起头以来，该地域的犯罪率整体下降了 27%
  【答案句】
  

• There has a been a significant decrease in the number of deaths from lung cancer.
  
• In August there was a slight decrease in the rate of unemployment.
  
• Latest figures show an overall 27% decrease in crime in the area since the project began.
  

【2】reduction

• 本钱的小幅下降能够意味着利润的大幅增加。
  

2. 交通流量明显削减。
3. 在曩昔几年中，因酒后驾车而被捕的人数急剧削减（=惊人的多）。
【答案句】

• A small reduction in costs can mean a large increase in profits.
  
• There has been a significant reduction in traffic.
  
• Over the last few years there has been a dramatic reduction in (=surprisingly large) the number of people arrested for drink-driving.
  

<hr/>【3】cut  换成名词间接用

【翻译】
降价
减税
减薪

• price cuts
  
• tax cuts
  
• pay cuts
  

• 该公司正计划进一步裁员。
  
• 政府的国防开支已经大幅削减。
  
• 加利福尼亚州出台了新法令，要求大幅削减（=很是大的削减）汽车酿成的空气净化。
  
• 该银行公布将利率下降 1%。
  

• The company is planning further job cuts.
  
• There have been major cuts in government spending on defence.
  
• The state of California introduced new laws requiring drastic cuts in (=very big cuts) air pollution from automobiles.
  
• The bank announced a 1 per cent cut in interest rates.
  

【4】drop / fall 换成名词间接用

• 该公司报告利润下降了 35%。
  
• 研讨职员发现，树木的数目从 506 棵削减到 261 棵，削减了 48%。
  
• 西班牙的诞生率急剧下降。 （=忽然很是大的跌落）
  

【答案句】

• The company reported a 35% drop in profits.
  
• Researchers found that the number of trees had gone down from 506 to 261, a drop of
  

48 percent.
3. Spain has suffered a sharp fall in its birth rate. (=a sudden very large fall)

【5】decline 换成名词间接用

【翻译下面的句子】

• 无家可归者的人数逐步削减。
  
• 电视经常被指责为我们社会道德标准下降的罪魁罪魁。
  
• 暴力水平略有下降。
  
• 四年前，岛上有 580 人，但现在只要 337 人，削减了 42%
  

【答案句】

• There has been a gradual decline in the number of homeless people.
  
• Television is often blamed for the decline in moral standards in our society.
  
• There has been a slight decline in the level of violence.
  
• Four years ago, there were 580 people living on the island, but there are now only 337. That is a decline of 42 percent.
  

固然，下降到一定份上，也有持平的时辰，可以试试 level off / out

【翻译】

• 生齿从 80 万的峰值下降到 1999 年的 65 万。
  

2. 最新数据表白，通胀率在跨越 3% 的一年后将稳定在 2.4%
【答案句】

• The population dropped from a peak of 800,000, levelling off in 1999 at 650,000.
  
• Latest figures suggest inflation will level out at 2.4% after a year at over 3%.
  

bottom out 到了最低点了，不再下降了

• 汽车销量的下滑终究在 9 月份出现触底迹象。
  
• 今朝还没有证据表白经济衰退已经触底。
  

【答案句】

• The decline in car sales finally showed signs of bottoming out in September.
  
• There is no evidence that the recession has bottomed out yet.
  

你学会了吗？学傻了吗？



原文地址：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/595402821
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